The constitution assembly of India was set up in November 1946 as per cabinet mission of 1946.
In British India there are
In British India there are
- 11 provinces (292) members.
- 4 cheif commissionary provinces.
- 93 princely states.
- Elected from provisional assembly = 292 + 4= 296
- And grand total = 293 +4 + 93 = 389
The constitution of India was framed by a constituent assembly of India , while explaining the meaning of of SWARAJ ,GANDHI indicated in 1922 that the constitution of india would be drafted by india and the nehru committee drafted for the first time a constitution for indian in 1928
Nehru committee was chaired by P.t Moti lal nehru
For the first time the idea for a constituent assembly was raised by MN Roy a vatarian communist of india 1934.
The Congress officially demanded a constituent assembly for the first time in 1935.
The British government accepted this demand for the first the August offer of 1940 which was introduced by then governor general of India Lord Linlithgo on 8aug 1940.
In 1942 British government send a deligation in india head sir Stratford Cripps & Cripps proposed for framing of Constitution & it's adoption post (after) world war 2 it is called crips proposal but it was rejected by Muslim league & Congress
Finally the constituent assembly of India was set up as per the plan of cabinet mission in 1946.
Cabinet mission plan : transferred the power from British government to Indian leadship to provide India with independence
Pm: Clement style
The seceratory of state : Pethick lawrence
The President of board of trade : sir Stafford Cripps
First lord of admiralty : A.V Alexander
Note : lord wavelength viceroy of India at that time of cabinet mission but did not participate in every step but was present .
COMPOSITION OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY:
In Constitutent assembly total strength = 389
296 seat alloted to British India & 93 seat to the princely state & out of 389 , 292 member were to be drawn from eleven government provinces & from 4 cheif commissioners one from each .
Member of constituent were elected indirectly by the provincial assembly in the ratio of 1 member of 10 lakh one million population
The seat of Constitutent assembly were allocated 50 3 community
1) muslim (78)
2) sikh (4)
3) General (open )
The election for the Constitutent assembly were to be held in July - August 1946& in the provincial election of Constitutent assembly Congress had won 208 seat, Muslim won 73 seats and other won 15 seats
Finally as per the plan of cabinet mission the Constitutent assembly was set up in. 1946
WORKING OF CONSTITUTENT ASSEMBLY:
FIRST MEETING: 9 DEC 1946 (FIRST MEETING OF CONSTITUTION ASSEMBLY )
MEETING ATTENDED BY 211 MEMBER & DR SN SINHA ( SACHCHIDANAND SINHA ) OLDEST MEMBER WAS CHOSSEN ITS TEMPORARY PRESIDENT.
On December 11 (1946) DR Rajandar Parsad was elected as the first President of Constitutent assembly.
Harish Chandra Mukherji was elected as vice President
Sri BN pau was appointed as the Constitutional advisor in assembly
First meeting was boycotted by Muslim league and Hyderabad muslim State.
OBJECTIVE RESOLUTION: On December 13 , 1946 Jawahar Lal Nehru moved the historic objective resolution in the assembly and this resolution was unanimously adopted by the assembly on January 22, 1947.
The Mountbatten plan in 3 June 1947 announced the partition of india and pakistan ie a seperate Constitutent assembly for the proposed state of Pakistan
And member from 389 were reduced to 299 members .
After the partition & out of these 299 members 284 were actually present on 26th November 1949 and signed the final approved Constitution of India .
OTHER IMPORTANT POINTS:
1)DR BR AMBEDKAR In Constitutent assembly was previously elected from East Bengal & after partition , east bengal included in Pakistan & the membership of BR Ambedkar was ended or ceased.
And in Bombay presidency from Constitutency Mr jaikar was elected as the member he resigned and made seat vacciant & in his place DR. Br Ambedkar was elected as member.
2)Mahatma gandhi & mohammad ali jina they do not contested for the membership of Constitutency.
3)National flag was adopted on July 22 1947
4)National anthem was adopted on 24 jan 1950 written by Rabindranath Tagore
5)National song was adopted on 24 jan 1950 Vendematram
6) Dr Rajandar Parsad elected as first President of India on 24 jan 1950
7) National animal : royal Bengal tiger
8)National bird : peacock .
9)In all Constitutional assemblyhad 11 session over 2 years ,11 month & last session held on 24 January 1950
10)Constitutent makers had gone through 60 countries & draf Constitutution was considered for 114 days total expenditure of 64 lakh in making of Constitution .
11)The Constitutent originally adopted has 22 part 395 article & 8 schedule.
But now there are 22 parts , 395 article and 12 schedule.
12) National emblem:.was adopted on 26 jan 1950 Was taken from sarnath (varanasi) (Ashoka pillar's Satya meva jayate ) written devigarh script taken from (mudaka upanishad).
13) Indian constitution took 2 year 11 month and 18 day to complete with 11 session.
14) on 26 Jan 1949 finally Constitutent assembly on the behalf of people of India adopted the Constituteion of india and 26 Nov 1949 was called as adoption day of indian Constitution .
But indian constitution was completely effective on 26 jan 1950 , called commencement day of Constitution
15) indian constitution is the lengthiest in the world .
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